What condition is characterized by a yellowing of the skin and eyes in newborns?

Neonatal jaundice is characterized by a yellowing of the skin and eyes in newborns due to an excess of bilirubin in the blood. This condition is common in newborns, particularly within the first week of life, as their immature liver may struggle to process bilirubin effectively. Bilirubin is a breakdown product of red blood cells, and when levels become elevated, it can lead to the characteristic yellow discoloration.

Neonatal jaundice typically resolves on its own as the infant's liver matures, but it is essential for healthcare providers to monitor bilirubin levels closely to prevent potential complications, such as kernicterus, which can result from extremely high bilirubin levels. Treatments may include phototherapy or, in more severe cases, exchange transfusion to rapidly lower bilirubin levels.

Understanding the prevalence and causes of neonatal jaundice is crucial for midwives and obstetricians, as early detection and management are key to ensuring the health and safety of newborns.