What is the main purpose of screening for Group B Streptococcus (GBS) during pregnancy?

The primary purpose of screening for Group B Streptococcus (GBS) during pregnancy is to identify risks to the newborn if the bacteria are transmitted during labor. GBS is a type of bacteria that can be present in the vagina or rectum of pregnant women and, while it is often harmless to the mother, it can pose significant risks to the infant during delivery. If a GBS-positive mother gives birth, there is a risk that the newborn could contract GBS, leading to serious complications such as sepsis, pneumonia, or meningitis.

Screening allows healthcare providers to identify those who are GBS positive late in pregnancy, typically between 35 and 37 weeks, so that appropriate measures, such as administering intravenous antibiotics during labor, can be taken to reduce the risk of transmission to the newborn. This proactive approach is essential in preventing potential morbidity and mortality associated with GBS infection in infants.

The other options do not capture the primary focus of GBS screening in the context of immediate newborn care and risk mitigation during delivery.