Which of the following is a common risk factor for gestational diabetes?

Obesity is a well-established risk factor for gestational diabetes. During pregnancy, the body undergoes various metabolic changes, and excess body weight can influence insulin sensitivity. Women who are obese tend to have higher levels of insulin resistance, which can lead to elevated glucose levels in the bloodstream. This is particularly critical during pregnancy when hormonal changes can further impact glucose metabolism. The presence of excess fat, especially in the abdominal area, is associated with an increased likelihood of developing gestational diabetes.

In contrast, regular exercise plays a significant role in maintaining a healthy weight and improving insulin sensitivity, both of which help reduce the risk of gestational diabetes. A low carbohydrate diet, while it can be a dietary strategy for managing blood sugar levels in some contexts, is not typically associated with a risk for gestational diabetes. Additionally, having previous normal glucose levels suggests that the individual was likely not at risk for diabetes before pregnancy, further decreasing the likelihood of developing gestational diabetes. Hence, obesity stands out as a primary and common risk factor in this scenario.